CAD/CAM Dentistry

What is CAD/CAM dentistry?

CAD/CAM stands for computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing. In dentistry, this technology allows dental professionals to design and produce restorations such as crowns, bridges, veneers and implant components using digital processes rather than traditional manual methods.

The process typically begins with a digital scan of the patient's mouth, which creates a detailed 3D image. Specialised software then helps design the restoration to fit precisely. Once the design is complete, a milling machine or 3D printer produces the final piece from materials such as ceramic, composite resin or zirconia.

CAD/CAM is not a separate career. It represents a set of skills and technologies used by various dental professionals in their existing roles. Dentists, dental technicians and dental nurses may all work with CAD/CAM systems depending on their workplace and responsibilities.

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Why practices are adopting this technology

Dental practices and laboratories across the UK are increasingly adopting CAD/CAM technology, though traditional impression techniques using materials like dental alginate remain common, particularly in settings where digital systems are not yet available or considered necessary.

One potential benefit is precision. Digital design can produce restorations with accurate fit, though traditional techniques also achieve high precision when performed correctly. A good fit may enhance patient comfort and the longevity of restorations in many cases.

The technology can also reduce time for certain procedures. Some restorations that previously required two or more appointments can now be completed in a single visit, with the patient leaving with their crown or veneer already in place.

For dental laboratories, CAD/CAM systems can increase efficiency and reduce material waste. However, the significant financial investment required means the technology is not accessible to all practices, particularly smaller clinics with limited budgets.

As more practices invest in these systems, the need for professionals who can operate them continues to rise. This applies to both clinical and technical roles within the dental sector.

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Roles that use CAD/CAM technology

Several dental professionals may work with CAD/CAM systems as part of their daily work.

Dental technicians often have the most direct involvement, using CAD software to design restorations and operating milling equipment in laboratories. Many technicians now specialise in digital workflows. Some larger dental companies have created dedicated digital design specialist positions.

Dentists in practices with chairside CAD/CAM equipment may take digital impressions and design restorations themselves, particularly for same-day treatments.

Dental nurses in some settings assist with scanning equipment and help manage the digital workflow. However, this involvement varies considerably depending on practice settings, individual training and GDC regulations on scope of practice.

Clinical dental technicians who work directly with patients may also use these systems when providing certain treatments.

The level of involvement varies widely depending on the workplace. A small general practice may have limited CAD/CAM capability, while a specialist clinic or large laboratory might rely on it heavily.

Training and skills

CAD/CAM skills are typically learned as an addition to existing dental qualifications rather than as a standalone qualification. Most dental technician courses now include some digital training, and many employers provide further instruction on specific systems.

Manufacturers of CAD/CAM equipment often offer their own training programmes, ranging from short introductory courses to more advanced certification. Some dental professionals choose to pursue additional qualifications in digital dentistry through universities or professional bodies.

The General Dental Council regulates all dental professionals in the UK, and any CAD/CAM work must fall within the scope of practice for the registered professional carrying it out. There is no separate GDC registration specifically for digital or CAD/CAM dentistry; these skills are integrated into existing roles and responsibilities. The GDC website provides information on scope of practice for different roles.

For those interested in this area, developing strong IT skills alongside traditional dental knowledge is useful. Familiarity with 3D modelling software and an understanding of dental materials both help when working with these systems.

Professional bodies such as the Dental Technologists Association can provide guidance on career development and training opportunities in this field.

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